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An Econometric Analysis of the Nexus of Exchange Rate, Inflation and Budget Deficit: Case of Nigeria 1981 – 2016
Suleiman Sa’ad,
Alexander Abraham,
Olure-Bank Adeyinka Michael
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
1-13
Received:
18 December 2017
Accepted:
3 January 2018
Published:
19 January 2018
Abstract: Depreciation of the naira has a role to play in Nigeria's recent inflationary process. Concomitant with this is the substantial budget deficit operated annually by the Federal Government in the last decade or so. Part of the budget deficit is finance through bank credit which directly affects the money base. This also exerts upward pressure on the general price level. All this suggests that there are many sources of the current inflation. While the channels through which exchange rate depreciation affects prices are known, the extent to which this phenomenon engenders price inflation in Nigeria is still not well researched. As part of the attempt to fill this gap, this study examines the quantitative effects of exchange rate depreciation on budget deficit and inflation in Nigeria. This is achieved in two stages. First, a structural model of the interaction between exchange rate, budget deficit, inflation, and government revenue and expenditure is constructed. In doing this, the study is influenced by SVAR cointegration and the error correction model. This result presents trends in the relationship between exchange rate, budget deficit and inflation and the impact exchange rate on inflation and budget deficit are positive but not statically significant and incomplete. The findings from this study have a number of policy implications for Nigeria government. A major policy implication of the results of the study is that concerted effort should be made by the Nigeria’s government to strengthen the production capacity of domestic firms and industries in order to reduce the level of the imported consumer and capital goods. This will help improve the level of exchange rate impact on other macroeconomic variables in Nigeria.
Abstract: Depreciation of the naira has a role to play in Nigeria's recent inflationary process. Concomitant with this is the substantial budget deficit operated annually by the Federal Government in the last decade or so. Part of the budget deficit is finance through bank credit which directly affects the money base. This also exerts upward pressure on the ...
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The Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment on Leadership Type and Job Performance
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
14-20
Received:
19 December 2017
Accepted:
20 January 2018
Published:
27 February 2018
Abstract: In order to active the education industry and make a contribution for the higher education field, private higher education becomes a backbone force in Chinese society. Based on the report of Ministry of Education in 2017 mentioned that the biggest problem with private higher education is that the weak and unstable academic staffs which lead to low job performance. In addition to policies and management, how to further improve the quality and performance of academicians is also an essential issue eager to be solved in private education institutions. Therefore, how to construct qualified personnel is one of the fundamental problems in the survival and development of private colleges and universities. The performance and quality of the academic staffs largely determines the quality of private colleges and universities. Leadership style was regarded as an importance role affect organizational commitment and organizational performance. This study intends to find out the mediating effect of organizational commitment on the relationship between leadership style and job performance by using the survey data from academicians of top ten Chinese private universities.
Abstract: In order to active the education industry and make a contribution for the higher education field, private higher education becomes a backbone force in Chinese society. Based on the report of Ministry of Education in 2017 mentioned that the biggest problem with private higher education is that the weak and unstable academic staffs which lead to low ...
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Oil Production and the Poverty Situation in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: A Case of Selected Communities
Orebiyi Paul Atanda,
Ekong Christopher Nyong
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
21-36
Received:
12 January 2018
Accepted:
16 February 2018
Published:
16 March 2018
Abstract: When the oil producing communities relinquished their land for oil production, they did so expecting direct benefits, which may be summarized as welfare improvement. But unfortunately, rather than celebrate the arrival of these benefits, there were complaints from the communities about damage to the environment, which impacted their means of livelihood negatively. It is therefore to investigate these claims that this study examines the effects of oil production on household income generation and well-being in selected oil producing communities in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. To accomplish this task, survey approach was employed on account of which the three (3) participating States; four (4) Local Government Areas; and five (5) communities were selected with the aid of purposive sampling technique. Also, the six hundred and fifty-eight (658) households, which constituted the sampled objects of study were drawn with the employment of random sampling technique. The generated data was therefore analyzed with the aid of descriptive and logistic regression tools. The result of the analysis revealed that oil exploration and exploitation activities, truly impacted negatively on the income capacity and the well-being of households in the oil-bearing communities. Hence, something significant needs to be done in order to reverse the trend. The study recommends that policies that would ensure immediate clean-up of pollution sites, and adequate compensation plan both in the case of pollution and land take-over be put in place. These would ensure socially-optimal operations by the firms that would guarantee the protection of community dwellers who have always been at the receiving end of the negative effect of oil production.
Abstract: When the oil producing communities relinquished their land for oil production, they did so expecting direct benefits, which may be summarized as welfare improvement. But unfortunately, rather than celebrate the arrival of these benefits, there were complaints from the communities about damage to the environment, which impacted their means of liveli...
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Analysis on Phases of Globalization and Convergence
Bin Tang,
Guanminjia Shang,
Anli Leng,
Ningning Yu
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
37-43
Received:
6 March 2018
Accepted:
21 March 2018
Published:
11 April 2018
Abstract: Globalization, along with many conceptual notions, such as economic growth, convergence has involved a mass of research works, but remains disputable based on miscellaneous samples and periods. This paper aims to discuss to what extent two phases of globalization are similar in the light of convergence and variants. With methods of historical analysis and empirical evidence synthesis, we find the first and second phases of globalization have common features on remarkable economic growth, transport costs’ decline and free and flexible trade policy, but the range and extent are moderately different. Additionally, the two phases of globalization have various convergence paths. Some new perspectives such as social and political dimensions and policy implications have been referred to.
Abstract: Globalization, along with many conceptual notions, such as economic growth, convergence has involved a mass of research works, but remains disputable based on miscellaneous samples and periods. This paper aims to discuss to what extent two phases of globalization are similar in the light of convergence and variants. With methods of historical analy...
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